Gustavo Inzunza-Cervantes, Hospital de Especialidades No. 2 Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta, Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste, IMSS; Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular, Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste. Ciudad Obregón, Son., México
Jesús Loredo-Medina, Hospital de Especialidades No. 2 Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta, Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste, IMSS; Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular, Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste. Ciudad Obregón, Son., México
Isabel C. Peralta-Figueroa, Hospital de Especialidades No. 2 Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta, Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste, IMSS; Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular, Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste. Ciudad Obregón, Son., México
Verónica Zazueta-Armenta, Hospital de Especialidades No. 2 Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta, Centro Médico Nacional del Noroeste, IMSS; Grupo de Investigación Cardiovascular, Centro Médico Nacional del Noreste. Ciudad Obregón, Son., México
Most patients undergoing cardiac surgery experience postoperative hemorrhage without clinical consequences. However, in cases where hemorrhage exceeds certain thresholds in quantity and duration, it can lead to catastrophic outcomes, increasing morbidity and mortality, reexploration rates, blood transfusion requirements, and hospital stays. Despite the importance of this issue, there is notable variability and a lack of consensus on optimal management. This prompted our research group to investigate this area with the aim of enhancing available evidence and contributing to the development of systematic and updated protocols. During cardiac surgery, the primary goal of hemostasis is to maintain a balance between fibrinolysis and thrombosis, but multiple factors can interfere, making excessive hemorrhage a complex clinical problem linked to adverse outcomes, despite significant advancements in surgical techniques, anesthetic management, and intensive care. Proper management requires understanding pathophysiological aspects, implementing preventive strategies, applying predictive scores, conducting systematic monitoring or diagnostic methods, and exploring various therapeutic options.
