Luis R. Álvarez-Velazquez, Department of Nephrology, General Hospital, Mexican Social Security Institute, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
Misplacement of hemodialysis catheters into the azygos vein is a rare but under-recognized complication, particularly during cannulation through the left internal jugular vein. Failure to identify this malposition can lead to suboptimal catheter function and serious complications. We present a case series of five patients with radiographically confirmed catheter misplacement into the azygos vein, emphasizing the clinical context, contributing factors, and patient outcomes. These cases highlight the importance of lateral radiographic imaging, heightened procedural awareness, and timely recognition to ensure safe and effective vascular access for hemodialysis.
Keywords: Azygos vein. Malposition. Hemodialysis catheters. Radiologic imaging.
